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These factors were investigated by means of random effects meta-regression analyses based on aggregate study data.
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A potential ecological bias would be most prominent within our study for diabetes, socioeconomic, and assessed behavioral risk factor covariates because they are based on aggregate survey datasets.
This section reviews export led growth (ELG) studies based on aggregate exports and then reviews studies based on specific types of exports, particularly commodities, and studies specific to LAC countries.
We will also report estimates of effects based on aggregate date from the individual studies.
Approximately one in two men and three in four women in India had low short-term predicted risks for CVD in this national study, based on aggregate risk factor burden.
In a recent study based on aggregate programme data from five sub-Saharan countries, lower rates of loss to follow-up (LTFU) and death were observed among children receiving ART in primary health facilities than in secondary health facilities (8).
Based on aggregate data from the pilot study, annual mortality rates of 15% and a loss to follow-up of 5% in each group were assumed, these rates applying to each of the 2 years of follow-up.
A network Bayesian meta-analysis using random effect models and based on aggregate data from the included studies was performed using the gemtc package (R project, Vienna).
Results from single-arm studies based on aggregate data or on pooled individual data were within this range.
Comparisons of patient characteristics across studies based on aggregate data in a 'classical' meta-analysis may be subjective to ecological bias.
The random-effects model, based on aggregate ERR data from individual studies without age-at-exposure information, predicts that population circulatory disease EAR (i.e., REID) in the United Kingdom varies minimally with age at exposure (Table 5).
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