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The primary outcome measure was based on a parental reported health questionnaire targeted to allergy related diseases.
Moreover, respiratory diseases were assessed based on a parental questionnaire, which could have been influenced by a number of subjective issues.
Thus, we defined children with ADHD based on a) parental report of ADHD (n = 148 children met this criterion) (our main analyses), and in separate analyses based on b) parental report of ADHD or using stimulant medication (n = 154 children met this criterion), and c) parental report of ADHD and using stimulant medication (n = 61 children met this criterion).
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Linkage analysis based on a bi-parental population only detects two alleles and has poor mapping resolution.
Furthermore, mapping based on genome-wide association studies using association panels of several hundred rice genebank accessions would offer the additional advantage that the genotypic variation assessed is much wider compared with the traditional QTL mapping based on a bi-parental cross.
We implemented two genomic selection scenarios; in scenario I, genomic information was used in addition to the phenotypic information available at selection; in scenario II, early selection based on a combination of parental and genomic information was used.
At the time of enrollment, the clinical severity of gastroenteritis was assessed by the physician or nurse health worker based on a direct examination plus parental information and was scored numerically based on a system described in 1988 by Clark et al [ 11].
Our economic analyses do not provide evidence that FLNP represents value for money, but are based on an estimate of parental utility alone.
The 4000 selected hens were then tested in single cages over 32 weeks from age 20 to 51 weeks, to finally select 500 hens based on an index combining parental information with own, full- and purebred half-sib performance.
Status is based on an applicant's parental occupation (highest earner) (or the occupation of the person contributing the highest income to the household if the applicant is aged 21 or over).
Socio-economic class [SEC] was defined using the UK Standard Occupational Classification, which assigns socio-economic status based on an applicant's parental occupation [or the occupation of the person contributing the highest income to the household if the applicant is aged 21 years or over].
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