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Eight mesocosms were studied based on a duplicated 22 factorial design tracking bacterial community and hydrological changes during an 8 month start-up period.
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This categorization is based on a classification of tandemly duplicated genes as those which are duplicated in same chromosome but reside <50 kb apart from each other (Table 5).
An analysis of the c-myc genes in common carp estimated that the tetraploidization event occurred 58 MYA [ 5] while another study, based on other duplicated genes in common carp, reported a tetraploidization time of less than 16 MYA [ 6].
Based on 17 duplicated individuals for the 118 SNPs that worked, we estimated a genotyping error of <0.0005%.
Next, we classified the 102 new genes according to their origins into 56 de novo genes and 46 duplicated new genes; new genes with paralogous genes in S. cerevisiae (based on a list of 1,048 independent duplicate pairs [ 39]) were defined as duplicated new genes, and new genes without paralogous genes were defined as de novo genes.
Based on a total of 17 duplicates (34 data points) spread over 2 years of samples, the total method precision was estimated to have a relative standard deviation (%RSD) of 5.5% with 101% recovery (Table 1).
And three-chord slag is a standardized product, based on a formula and thus easy to duplicate.
Call rates were 98.0% (BBCS) and 96.6% (UKBGS); there was no evidence for deviation from Hardy Weinberg equilibrium (P = 0.29 (BBCS); P = 0.92 (UKBGS)), and the duplicate concordance based on a 1% (BBCS) and 5% (UKBGS) random sample of duplicates was 100% for both studies.
This conclusion is based on a comparison of the variation between duplicate measures at the same dilution with the variation among dilution-to-dilution measures (data not shown).
miRNAs for which the expression of one duplicate probeset at all time points were significantly higher than that of the other duplicate probeset based on a Mann–Whitney U test were also removed from further analysis.
Unknown sample cytokine concentrations were automatically calculated by the STarStation software based on a nine-point standard curve (in duplicate) fitted with a four- or five-parameter logistic regression algorithm to allow a wide range of quantification, and R2 values were routinely > 0.95.
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