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Non-preference based instruments are not suitable for application in CUA because they do not facilitate the calculation of QALYs.
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However, utility-based instruments are not routinely applied, even in recent clinical trials.
When preference-based instruments are not administered in clinical trials, comparing effectiveness across different interventions becomes cumbersome.
Laboratory based instruments were utilised to establish optimum wavelength.
These instruments are not new.
Indeed, these instruments are not without faults.
Music is expensive (instruments aren't free).
'Not done' was reported if the outcomes measured were not standardized health outcomes or if the measurement instruments were not based on instruments published in peer-reviewed journals.
Despite the fact that these instruments were not based on any theoretical framework, we are of the opinion that they constituted a useful point of departure for our in-depth search for a theoretical framework.
Other baseline survey instruments were not repeated.
The instrument was not based on another scale, since there is no information and was held in two stages, one qualitative and one quantitative.
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