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An alternative reading is as a modus tollens argument intended to establish the superiority of a religious based ethics.
Already in his early courses on practical philosophy, Meinong based ethics mainly on general value theory and value theory on psychology.
When faced with a clear choice between the two often conflicting moral doctrines Thomas, like his contemporaries, preferred the religious doctrines to the rationally based ethics of practical wisdom.
It does not pray for polytheists, pagans or those who prefer to acknowledge a female deity and it does not reflect on the value of reason based ethics.
An "evidence based" ethics would therefore threaten bioethics' normative mandate.
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Kant's theory on duty-based ethics were based on the principle that no decision should be made unless morally good in itself, regardless of predicted consequences – a thinking he called the categorical imperative.
This ethics virtue is recognized as character-based ethics which is far towards individual based rather than action based.
Keeping in mind evidence-based ethics' subscription to the "evidence based" doctrine, it becomes apparent that the term "evidence-based ethics" has been misunderstood and misused by some of its alleged proponents.
Rather, for EBM and evidence-based ethics the particular ethical and methodological challenges are to analyze the normative judgments for distinguishing evidence from empirical information per se and account for them in practice with sufficient transparency.
Evidence-based ethics has been defined in the literature as follows: As in medical decisions based on evidence-based medicine, ethical decisions based on evidence-based ethics would involve conscientious and judicious use of the best evidence relevant to the care and prognosis of the patient to promote better informed and better justified ethical decision making [ 17].
For example, we see a relatively trivial definition of evidence-based ethics along these lines in Pascal Borry et al.: "Ethical decision making must necessarily be based on the use of the latest and best available medical research findings" [ 6].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com