A simple PD controller is selected for the moving base regulation, while a Lyapunov-based controller is utilized for the PZT input voltage to make the closed-loop system energy dissipative and hence stable.
In the present study, we investigate whether AQP6 is expressed in several regions of the rat gastrointestinal tract and then define the localization of AQP6 protein, from stomach to rectum, under the hypothesis that it could be involved in physiological mechanisms of fluid movement, acid base regulation and/or anion transport.
Another important transporter for acid-base regulation, a Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE3) was not significantly regulated in C. maenas gill tissue in the long- term experiment.
The major functions important in the maintenance of homeostasis are fluid and electrolyte balance, acid-base regulation, thermoregulation, and metabolic control.
Over 5 decades, the Oakland, California, native has penned approximately 300 scientific papers and review articles and nine books on topics that range from lipid metabolism and acid-base regulation in the body to evolutionary aspects of aging.
Coupled to expression studies and examination of genetically engineered mice deficient in various SLC26 isoforms, the evolving picture points to important roles for the SLC26 family in chloride absorption, vascular volume homeostasis, acid-base regulation, and oxalate excretion in the kidney.
Fish gills have evolved as the most important extra-renal organ to mediate ion transport and acid-base regulation for compensating the passive leakage of ions [4], [5].
Actually, the maturation of epidermal ICs is a very complicated process that involves sequential activation of many genes involved in cell differentiation, ion transport, acid-base regulation, as well as cell shape remodeling [4].
There, it is responsible for critical homeostatic functions such as body acid-base regulation (renal proximal tubule and collecting duct intercalated cells), bone remodeling (osteoclasts), and sperm storage and maturation (clear cells in the epididymis) [2], [5], [6] as well as other potential functions in other organs.
At a cellular level, the functional units of ion and acid-base regulation in gills are carried out by branchial ICs (also known as chloride cells or mitochondrion-rich cells) which are primarily deposited on the junction regions between filaments and lamellae.
The kidney plays a major role in acid-base regulation.
