The AUC of a base model comprising of total PSA, age and DRE was 0.584 to predict any cancer in this cohort as compared with 0.724 for a cohort of men who had never been screened (Vickers et al, 2008).
The full model comprised of the four kallikrein markers (i.e., total, free and intact PSA, and hK2), age and DRE substantially improved the predictive accuracy of a base model (comprising of total PSA, age and DRE), for both low- and high-grade cancers.
As above, CTR was independently associated with mortality when added to a best base model comprised of the variables age at chest X-ray, sex, duration of hemodialysis, race, diabetes, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, baseline serum creatinine and serum phosphate (predictors of survival in a base Cox model).
For each outcome, the estimated intracluster correlation coefficient was zero for all models.> -wrap-foot> Base model comprises Charlson comorbidity index, age, sex, extent of cancer disease, emergency presentation and hospital type Including ASA score and ECOG performance status reduced the AIC for each outcome, but the effect was not consistent.
The base model was comprised of the following variables: age (in years), a quadratic age effect, sex, region of residence, and income quintile.
Based on our stratified model, comprised of 65 parameters, this required an n ≥ 325 within each cohort.
15 The economic analysis was based on a two-part cost-effectiveness model, comprised of a decision tree covering the first year following occurrence of ACS, combined with a Markov model to capture costs and outcomes over the remainder of the patients' lifetime.
Finally, a Maxent model comprised of only PC2 was more accurate than a model comprised of any other single variable.
