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To date, however, no methods exist that can accurately detect and correct base errors and small indels in genome sequences.
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Iterative Correction of Reference Nucleotide (ICORN) [ 32] was then used to correct single-base errors and small insertions and deletions of up to 3 bp.
Due to their short length, mapping reads from second generation sequencing platforms is highly susceptible to single base errors or small indels.
An iterative correction process was devised in which errors in the assembled sequence were identified from the SOLiD read alignment data as either a single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) for single base errors, or as small InDels (insertion/deletion) for homopolymer pyrosequencing errors.
However, due to the digital nature of sequencing output, most biomedical researchers tend to believe that although sequencing data will contain platform-specific base calling errors and possibly small insertions/deletions, it is unlikely that such sequencing errors will lead to qualitatively incorrect conclusions.
If the probability p of a single base-error N→N' is small and if, for simplicity, we take this probability to be independent of N and base position, it is straightforward to estimate that the expected number of distinct 1-SNP variants Y of an abundant parental sequence of length L and abundance X is closely approximated by Y = 3 L [ 1 − (1 − p ) X ].
Error rates between base exchanges and small insertions and deletions may vary substantially within the same HTS platform.
Controlled error and small computation time distinguish the method.
Errors, large and small, will cascade.
This measure pSNP quantifies base calling errors and SNP calling errors [49].
Increasing the total error rate to 3% resulted in assemblies with slightly reduced sequence coverage, half the contig N50 sizes, and twice the per-base error rate, misassembly rate, and small indel rate.
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