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Examination of the sequences within the mouse −795 bp Csrp2 promoter (which is responsive to TGFβ) revealed that in addition to the previously identified CRE site at bp −461 there are two potential Smad binding elements (SBE), located at bp −681 and −445, each with a base divergent from the consensus SBE (5′-GTCTAGAC-3′).
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We found that a vicariant event was at the origin of the first splitting event, which was followed by a second splitting event (split between P. hispanicus hispanicus Central and P. hispanicus edwardsianus lineage) in which the role of ecologically based divergent selection (i.e. niche divergence) may have been more prominent.
Ecological speciation assumes reproductive isolation to be the product of ecologically based divergent selection.
Ecological speciation describes the process during which reproductive isolation evolves as a result of ecologically based divergent selection [ 1- 3].
Adaptation to different habitats could entail behavioral reproductive isolation because signals involved in mate choice could be under ecologically based divergent selection.
1– 3, 5, 8– 12 Ecological speciation is distinguished from models of speciation which do not involve ecologically based divergent selection, such as speciation via genetic drift or the fixation of different incompatible mutations in populations experiencing similar selection.
Consistent with past work, we define this process of "ecological speciation" as one in which barriers to genetic exchange evolve between populations as a result of ecologically based divergent natural selection.
Hence, speciation processes in this and similar systems with presence of abiotic stressors (e.g., the Baños del Azufre system [ 54, 133] may be more robust than those described for other systems in which differentiation is also based on ecologically based divergent natural selection [ 6, 73, 74]. The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
This haplotype is central to a star-like cluster of 11 haplotypes, each one or two base pairs divergent from ND17.
In other words, no external driving force is needed to explain the HM profile divergence between duplicates, though it remains possible of neofunctionalization based upon divergent HM profile through some positive selection mechanisms.
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