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If the three severity levels are represented by 0, 1, and 2 with 0 as the reference or base category then the model structure for a three-level data structure (occupant-based data) is given by Eq. (1).
The poorest group is the base category.
Therefore, the interpretation is in reference to the base category.
In this model, a base category is selected out of the different outcomes and other categories are estimated with respect to the base category.
The base category are native-born who have the German nationality at birth.
Articles that could not be assigned to either discipline are captured by the base category "other".
Manufacturing is treated as the base category when I add in the industrial fixed effects.
The regions used in the base category are characterized by larger farms, and receive large government farm payments [42].
The MNL model was run taking "no adaptation" as a base category against other groups to be compared with.
First, we do it in the case of the trivial base category (I=mathsf{pt}) and non-normalized lax functors.
Accordingly, a positive coefficient indicates a higher hazard ratio compared to the base category, while a negative one means the opposite.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com