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Error bars are computed as the SEM across all bins.
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Error bars were computed as the standard error of the spectra across channels.
Blue and green circles with bars are computed heights on 6″ grid.
The model error covariance matrix can be computed as, P_{text{e}} = frac{{(U - bar{U})(U - bar{U})^{text{T}} }}{N - 1} (12)ThEnKFKF algorithm consists of two steps, a forecast step (U f) and an update step (U a).
Suppose i is a grid (area), the average ratings for restaurants, fast foods and bars in i are computed as Ave_ res_ star(i =sum_{jin {N}_i^{Res}} star(j) (2) Ave_ fas_ star(i =sum_{jin {N}_i^{Fas}} star(j) (3) Ave_ bar_ star(i =sum_{jin {N}_i^{Bar}} star(j) (4).
With this algorithm, we can sample the accessible space uniformly; any observable such as the mean mutational robustness can be estimated from a sample; and the estimate's uncertainty (error bar) can be computed as explained in Methods.
The mean SNR may be computed as (bar {gamma } = mathbf {E}{|h[!m]|^{2}}frac {P}{N_{0}}), where the expectation is taken over h[ m].
The N m measurements are used to estimate the ( bar {lambda }) for MAG i, which is computed as the average arrival rate at a certain time interval.
(bar {R}_{t}) for both cellular and D2D users is computed as the successful transmission rate by bar{R}_{t} = underset{beta_{t} geq 0}{text{sup}}~B_{w} log_{2}(1 + beta_{t}) mathrm{P}^{t}_{text{cov}} (beta_{t}).
(D ) Quantitation of the speed of linear tracks as shown in B. The speed of each track was computed as the mean of the track's displacement divided by time between frames; error bars = SE (p < 0.0001).
It is computed as ln(2) D−1.
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