These findings are mostly in line with previous research on the barriers of knowledge translation and EBP among health care professionals and allied professions [ 8, 10– 13, 20].
During the pilot-testing we found that, on the whole, both physiotherapists were positive regarding the success of the KEDS intervention in addressing the barriers of knowledge, skills, beliefs about capabilities and behavioural regulation; particularly, the coaching process in general and specifically the goal and action sheets and audio-recording review.
Results support a multifactorial model of perceived barriers to mental health service use that includes practical barriers, lack of knowledge, and negative anticipatory emotions related to service use.
Administrative and legal barriers, lack of knowledge or understanding of the healthcare system and their rights, and language barriers were cited as reasons for not pursuing conventional healthcare routes.
Along with fear of being arrested, administrative and legal barriers, lack of knowledge or understanding of the healthcare system and their rights, along with language barriers were cited as reasons for not pursuing conventional healthcare routes.
Causal factors identified include language barriers, lack of knowledge concerning antenatal care, psychosocial factors and lower education.
As to individual barriers, lack of knowledge of the Western healthcare system was described among all four regional groups distinguished in this review (sub-Saharan African, North African, Asian and Turkish).
Health-care seeking behavior of the migrants is influenced by a number of socioeconomic, cultural, and individual factors, such as linguistic barriers, lack of knowledge about available medical services, different perception of health, disease, and sickness, disapproving attitude to the health services and personnel in the host country, personal health practices, and many more.
Participants in both FGDs and KIIs identified the following barriers: lack of knowledge of MI in PMTCT, socioeconomic factors, relationship issues, timidity to be seen in a woman's domain, unplanned and or extramarital pregnancies, fear of knowing one's HIV status, unwillingness to be associated with the service, health facility based factors, peer influence and cultural factors.
We further argue in favour of the development of Knowledge-Based Industriapproachics, an approach that lies at the interface of industry and knowledge dynamics, and which can explain how a cluster may decrease the barriers to knowledge of clustered companies and, further, create a specific knowledge dynamics that is able to shape the industrial dynamics.
Migrant groups may face barriers to accessing appropriate and timely primary health care in-country both on arrival and once settled, which has been associated with language and communications barriers, legislative barriers, and lack of knowledge of the local health-care system [ 12- 14].
