To get a wiretap that allows authorities to actually listen in on the contents of a call has higher legal barriers; law enforcement officials have to convince an impartial judge of probable cause.
So far, gaining access to universities in their host countries has been very difficult for Syrian students, because of money issues, language barriers, and laws that don't allow them to enroll in local universities or leave the refugee camps if they live there.
We may "have never relinquished our skepticism of central authority," but the Declaration of Independence's first listed justification for the revolution was to overcome barriers to "Laws the most wholesome and necessary for the public good".
The order also calls on federal agencies to identify ways to remove barriers in laws or programs that might make it difficult to address climate-related issues, and to "reform policies and Federal funding programs that may, perhaps unintentionally, increase the vulnerability of natural or built systems, economic sectors, natural resources, or communities to climate change related risks".
Captain McGuinness said the investigation had been hampered by language and cultural barriers between law enforcement investigators and a community fearful of authority.
Speaking of witnesses who had testified about the barriers the law imposed, she added, according to press reports, "This is about people who are resentful about having to get IDs".
"Women remained unable to fully exercise their human rights due to barriers in law, policy and practice," Amnesty International said about Qatar in its 2014/15 annual report.
John Ashcroft, President George W. Bush's attorney general from 2001 to 2005, explained in a 2012 paper that this newfound cross-border coordination "increased information-sharing and lowered the traditional border-related barriers" for law enforcement.
Earlier this year Jourová raised the issue of encryption as a barrier to law enforcement's access to data — making public comments about the need for a "swift, reliable response" from encrypted apps when asked by authorities to hand over decrypted data.
Justice ministers in other European governments, including France and Germany, have also attacked encryption as a barrier to law enforcement and counter terror efforts in recent years, following a spate of terror attacks across the region.
