Our findings showed that many of the components of the external and the internal environment of a highly specialized hospital can act as facilitating or barriers for the 'humanization of birth' approach.
In conclusion, the results of this study aim to shed light on the facilitators and barriers to the humanization of birth in Japanese institutions.
Many of the participants argued that both the culture of care around high-risk pregnancies in specialized hospitals and the highly esteemed medical aspects of this care acted as barriers to the humanization of birth (culture).
Sixteen themes and sub-themes emerged from the context describing the facilitating factors and eleven themes and sub-themes explained the barriers towards the humanization of birth approach in the studied highly specialized hospital.
In order to explore the facilitating factors and barriers toward the humanization of birth care, one must first redefine the definitions of risk, risk reduction, and risk management within such a setting.
Many of the administrator participants argued that the culture of care around high-risk pregnancies in specialized hospitals, and the highly esteemed medical aspects of this care, both act as barriers to the humanization of birth.
Nevertheless, language and communication difficulties between the nurses and some of the parturient women in the postpartum unit were a barrier to the humanization of care; it was undesirable for some women to give birth in a hospital when they did not understand what they were told (individual).
The nurses were generally in agreement that this discharge rule was a barrier to the humanization of hospital birth.
Both external and internal dimensions of a highly specialized hospital can facilitate or be a barrier to the humanization of birth care practices in such institutions, whether independently, or altogether.
This was generally expected since human germline framework sequences are typically utilized as donor sequences for the humanization process [ 10], and most germline sequences have very high T20 scores.
