Cross-border bank flows expanded enormously between 2000 and 2007, with 80% of the increase coming from Europe, according to McKinsey.
Between 1990 and 2007 cross-border bank flows increased about tenfold, to around $5 trillion, according to the McKinsey Global Institute, the consultancy's research arm.
Policy could aim to reduce cross-border bank flows and increase FDI, say; the expanded FDI would meet all the needs satisfied up to now by cross-border bank finance; capital flows would be safer, and nobody (except the banks) would be any the worse off.
The modest increase of the estimated PMF (to just 6311 m3/s) in spite of these changes is due to the factoring of the hydraulic effects of trees and buildings on the floodplain as the flood situation changes from normal floods to extreme floods, when over-bank flows may be the dominant flooding process, leading to a substantial reduction in the PMF estimates.
In their note, "Bank Flows and Basel III -- Determinants and Regional Differences in Emerging Markets," the authors argue that "emerging markets are likely to be affected through both trade and financial flows".
To the extent that they were effective at all, they owed a great deal to the country across the river, where there were no artificial levees, and waters that went over the bank flowed to the horizon.
Mr. Thiebaud's imagined delta landscapes — where azure furrows meld with emerald levees, violet fields and confetti orchards and a river with phosphorescent banks flowing dizzily in several directions — are among the 75 paintings and drawings to be featured in "Homecoming," a retrospective at the Crocker Art Museum in Sacramento, the city he has called home since the 1950s.
For the two prototype flows investigated, tube bank flow and Taylor Couette flow, the predictions agree reasonably well with the experimental results.
One is the Tim/Larry approach: Lend money to hedge funds and private equity speculators to get purchases of securities from banks flowing again, so that bank lending resumes.
