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The spatial heterogeneity in seed bank composition among grassland fragments limited the loss of grassland species at the landscape scale.
The seed bank composition was determined by a germination method, then the number of germinable seeds was put in relation to the microtopographies.
After each sampling event, soil samples were transported to a temperature-controlled greenhouse facility and weed seed bank composition and density was assessed over a period of four months via the direct germination method.
The seed bank composition changed with time since fragmentation started, triggered by the deterministic loss of grassland species, generating nested subsets of the seed banks of semi-natural grasslands.
Hence, we discuss land degradation features and test a state-and-transition ecological model, that is, we developed jointly with local farmers the hypotheses to understand transitions between ecological states and these hypotheses were then evaluated through an inventory of vegetation and an assessment of soil properties and seed bank composition.
Seed bank composition, however, varied markedly within the burnt area but this could be explained reasonably well by differential effects of the wildfire associated with its severity, in terms of the two crown consumption classes as well as the TDI index but not the MTRs.
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The values comparing March/June seed bank compositions were also high (55 77%%).
Therefore, we studied the effect of leguminous and non-leguminous tree species and their canopies on soil seed bank (SSB) composition and its similarity with understory vegetation (USV) in a semi-arid savanna of Ethiopia.
The cells were obtained from the same master cell bank and the composition of the growing media was identical.
Evidence on central bank independence, debt composition and output variability suggests that the normative argument has some positive content.
By exploring how seed bank density and composition in burned areas change over time since fire (TSF), we can improve our understanding of how the seed banks are affected by fire.
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