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If the tolerable delay or bandwidth is large enough, then these codes can be extremely efficient.
In a wideband system, where the relative signal bandwidth is large, the Doppler effects should be more appropriately modeled as scalings of the signal waveform[3, 4].
It is clear that a number of PRBs are not chosen by the UEs, especially when the number of PRBs is large (e.g., spectrum bandwidth is large).
In the system, we assume the primary bandwidth is large enough for SUs to guarantee the QoS, that is, according to Figure 2, M > 64.
As described above, in order to transmit energy efficiently and achieve bit energy levels close to the minimum level, one needs to operate in the low-SNR regime in which either the power is low or bandwidth is large.
A single modality is a reasonable assumption as long as the channel bandwidth is large, and therefore the channel estimated at chip time includes only rays impinging from a narrow solid angle.
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When short pulses are used, whose bandwidth is larger than the cavity linewidth, as in some of the experiments, then the transmitted light is spectrally filtered by the cavity.
Therefore, if the BPF is designed appropriately such that the BPF's bandwidth is larger than the OFDM signal's bandwidth, then Case 1 mentioned above results.
Although this model is sufficient to model narrowband systems, it becomes unrealistic for broadband communication systems where the transmission bandwidth is larger than the coherence bandwidth of the channel.
The complete 2-DOF sense mode provides the gyroscope with distinct advantages over similar devices based on 1-DOF systems: the robust mode introduces a gain advantage versus conventional mismatched operation, while the precision mode gain-bandwidth is larger for the same pressures.
Thus, as long as the pulse excitation bandwidths are large versus the spin spin coupling, X-band PELDOR measurements in combination with explicit time trace simulations allow for disentangling the sign and magnitude of through bond electron electron exchange from the through space dipolar interaction D.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com