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The discrete wavelet transform (DWT), showed in Figure 4, based on the octave band tree structure, can be viewed as the multiresolution decomposition of a signal.
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Fig. 3 Four-band tree-structured filter bank.
Similarly, 8-band tree-structured filter bank may be considered as a stage of two 4-band tree-structured filter banks prior to one 2-band filter bank.
(19) Fig. 5 Frequency domain implementation of 4-band tree-structured filter bank.
The filter bank is the optimal K-band tree-structured filter bank where the inputs at the synthesis part are sequences of M symbols.
Following such approach, one can find the order of sub-band filters of K-band tree-structured filter bank in the spectrum is matched to a sequence of gray numbers.
Figure 3 shows 4-band tree-structured filter bank in which the filters with superscripts 1 and 2 belong to the first and second levels of the tree, respectively.
Substituting up-sampling, down-sampling, and cyclic convolution operations of K-band tree-structured filter bank with 2-Copy, 2-Fold, and multiplication operations yields a new structure that we call it as frequency domain tree structure (FDTS) filter bank.
As explained, 4-band tree-structured filter bank has two stages, stage 1 consists of two 2-band filter banks and stage 2 consists of one 2-band filter bank.
It is seen in Fig. 8 that filter bank of stage 2 reverses the arrangement of two higher sub-bands and the frequency response of sub-band 3 comes before sub-band 4. Therefore, the order of 4-band tree-structured filter bank in the spectrum may be shown as {1, 2, 4, 3}.
Combining two 4-band tree-structured filter banks using next 2-band filter bank reverses the order of higher 4-band filter bank, and thus, the sub-bands are ordered in the spectrum as {1,2,4,3,7,8,6,5}.
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