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The A.S.R. belonged to a once-popular class of hip implants in which a device's cup and ball component were both made of metal.
By using a metal cup, which is thinner than a plastic one, a surgeon could implant a bigger ball component, Dr. Dorr explained, which was less likely to dislocate than a smaller one.
Studies have indicated, for example, that the use of the larger ball component increases the amount of torque and motion at the points where that ball and cup or the ball and stem are joined, generating debris.
The performance of ball end mill cutters in cutting operations is influenced by the configuration of the rake and clearance faces in the ball component.
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But the type of all-metal hip covered by it, which used larger ball components than traditional implants, was widely used in the United States for years.
The A.S.R. belonged to a class of once widely used hip replacements whose cup and ball components were both made of metal.
The A.S.R., whose cup and ball components were both made of metal, was first sold by DePuy in 2003 outside the United States for use in an alternative hip replacement procedure called resurfacing.
And because the A.S.R. had a design flaw, normal variance from the single angle at which DePuy had tested it made it more likely for the joint's cup and ball components to strike each other, releasing metallic debris inside a patient.
While the use of all-metal hips has plummeted in recent years because of high failure rates, surgeons often used the larger ball components because they believed that doing so provided the joint with more rotation and reduced the likelihood of a dislocation.
Adding to the increased physicality of Fifa 12 is an off-the-ball tussling component, allowiing defenders to jostle opposing strikers, forcing them into poor first touches.
Just a few years ago, all-metal hips — implants in which the ball and cup component is made from a metallic alloy — were used in one of every three joint replacement procedures performed annually in the United States.
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