ZnO-doped samples exhibited considerably high activity toward S. aureus (skin bacteria) in comparison to E. coli and P. aeruginosa.
To confirm the difference between functional groups in relation to biosorption of metal (Ni and Co), FT-IR analysis was carried out using metal-loaded bacteria in comparison to control (bacteria grown without metal).
These mucosal immune responses are lessened when exposed to heat-treated bacteria in comparison to live organisms, suggesting that such mechanisms involve the metabolic products of bacterial activity as well as bacterial cell-receptor mediated sensing (Macpherson and Uhr, 2004).
On the epithelial cell surface, these strains showed smaller quantities of bacteria in comparison to the abiotic surface, mainly the E. coli strain DH5 α.
However, at 6 h and 8 h after infection, lower numbers of vacuoles containing ssaV or sseG mutant bacteria in comparison to vacuoles containing wt bacteria were observed at distances within 5 μm from the MTOC (Fig. 3).
In the 77 of these patients treated according to clinical criteria, 36.4% of the antibiotics prescribed to this group proved to be active against the isolated bacteria, in comparison to 80.0% of the 15 patients treated according to LRM guidelines.
Accordingly, expression of CEACAM1 mutants lacking either one or all IgC2-like domains resulted in lower numbers of endocytosed bacteria in comparison to wildtype CEACAM1 despite a similar binding of the microorganisms to the truncated receptor.
Hotchkiss et al., [ 1] and Bourboulis et al., [ 18] demonstrated a statistically significant increase in the percentage of dead lymphocytes in septic patients infected with Gram-negative bacteria in comparison to the control group.
As a result, considering the differences in size of bacteria (1 4 μm) in comparison to mammalian cells (above 10 µm) the bacteria were able to enter in contact with the inner part of the pores where the antimicrobial functionality has been placed.
Furthermore, the rGO flakes had the appearance of being very rugged and being a potentially harmful structure for bacteria to encounter, in comparison to the smooth film-like form of GO.
