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It is plausible that infectious lesions of digestive origin are involved, in relation to bacterial translocation from altered gastrointestinal mucosa.
Bacterial translocation from the gut has been suggested to induce and maintain the systemic inflammatory response (SIRS) and organ dysfunction.
Little is known about the mechanisms involved in bacterial translocation from the intestinal lumen to extraintestinal sites.
Because the intestine is considered to be a major source of bacteria, studies in experimental animals have been designed to examine whether alcohol intoxication before burn injury enhances bacterial translocation from the intestine.
Results of these studies have shown a several-fold increase in bacterial translocation from the intestine in the group of animals receiving combined insult of alcohol intoxication and burn injury compared with findings for the groups receiving either insult alone.
In patients with bacteremia due to Enterobacteriaceae, enterococci or Pseudomonas, with no local signs of catheter infection or septic shock, the conjunction of intestinal colonization and microbial growth in peripheral blood before or within 2 hours after growth in a sample obtained simultaneously from the catheter hub often indicates bacterial translocation from the intestine [36].
Similar(12)
Bacterial translocation originates from a large variety of dysfunctions within the gut-liver axis.
Alcohol metabolite, acetaldehyde, has a direct effect on gut epithelial cell function by disrupting tight junctions, and may thus enhance bacterial translocation [ 10] from the intestines.
Our initial results seem to indicate that there is little risk of bacterial translocation and contamination from the conjunctiva into the vitreous.
These studies support a role for nutrients to modulate host defense mechanisms in premature infants, to develop normal digestive function, to protect from bacterial translocation, and to preserve mucosal barrier integrity.
The mechanisms that protect the host from bacterial translocation in the gut include passive physical barriers such the mucus layer that protects the epithelium and traps the bacteria, as well as a number of more pro-active cellular and humoral mechanisms.
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