In yeast mitochondria, the situation is more similar to the bacterial system in that there are two tRNAMet species, initiator (tRNAifMet) and elongator (tRNAMet) [17].
The prevalence of leaderless mRNAs in P. acnes is in stark contrast to the situation in E. coli, the main bacterial system in which the translation of leaderless mRNA has been studied [ 106, 107].
Benzene is considered not mutagenic in bacterial systems or in vitro mammalian test systems.
present in the human GIT can utilize this substrate in vitro, and various bacterial systems involved in the degradation of starch have been identified by genomic approaches [6], [34], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43].
Chromosomal efflux pumps are bacterial systems involved in the extrusion of molecules from bacteria to the environment, including bacterial products such as siderophores as well as toxics and antibiotics19.
SI labeling-based metabolic analyses have been widely used in bacterial systems [21], and in higher plants and animals [22], [23].
This work reports important discoveries that have potential wide implications from genomic conflicts in bacterial systems to transcription in eukaryotes.
This technique allows the generation of DUBs that cannot be readily expressed in bacterial systems, or that are sequestered in subcellular compartments or in multimolecular complexes when expressed in cell lines.
Some proteins with problematic expression characteristics in bacterial systems show a dramatic increase in accumulation when the recombinant protein is expressed as a fusion with a protein previously shown to express at high levels in the bacterial system, and hence we followed this strategy with the abundant endogenous Rubisco LSU protein in chloroplasts.
