This observation is in accordance with previous reports from our group showing that no active bacterial process is require for internalization [ 17].
Although most laboratories are equipped to analyse bacterial processes, few are able to make a diagnosis of viral causes of gastroenteritis and, therefore, confirmation of a possible viral cause of gastroenteritis is not always sought [ 8].
Another host factor that plays a role in bacterial invasion processes is cholesterol, the major component of lipid rafts [ 35].
After crossing the brain blood barrier and invading the central nervous system (CNS), both representing key steps in the pathogenesis of bacterial meningitis, inflammatory and toxic processes are induced, which finally lead to meningitis [8], [9].
Many bacterial TFs involved in key cellular processes are essential to the cell and are highly conserved.
Experimental work presented in this symposium[23] shows that a high level of physical mixing can stimulate anaerobic bacterial processes which is counter to the intuitive explanation of physical mixing as an aerobic favourable process.
Adhesion processes are essential for the establishment of bacterial infections.
Mechanisms contributing to internalization have been partly elucidated, but bacterial processes triggered intracellularly are largely unknown.
The chicken samples without bacterial contamination process were set as the control groups.
For example, 3-indolepropionic acid may serve as a specific indicator of imbalanced gut bacteria because a gut bacterial metabolic process is needed to synthesize this compound.
