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A large number of viral and bacterial pathogens are known to use the Abl-tyrosine kinase family to regulate pathogenicity (Lebeis & Kalman, 2009).
Fungal and bacterial pathogens are a major threat to the yield of crop plants worldwide.
Bacterial pathogens are frequently detected in atheromatous lesions, however, their contribution to atherosclerosis remains unknown.
Many viruses and bacterial pathogens are capable of exploiting host cell surface integrins during their replication cycles.
Although the various virulence strategies used by viral and bacterial pathogens are numerous, there are several general mechanisms that are used to subvert and exploit immune systems that are shared between these diverse microbial pathogens.
Bacterial pathogens are known to cause infectious diseases in humans.
Nowadays the multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens are a major concern of the medical science.
A small number of opportunistic bacterial pathogens are responsible for the majority of such losses worldwide (Austin and Austin 2007).
Indeed, bacterial pathogens are known to possess virulence factors that can mediate covalent modifications or directly modify host substrates (Salomon and Orth, 2013).
However, the microtube as an envelope for the sperm cell can be equipped in ways to prevent the leukocytosis in the same fashion that bacterial pathogens are able to overcome the phagocytotic engulfment and killing by appropriate blocking methods [67].
For instance, the Shao group carried out a series of elegant studies demonstrating that bacterial pathogens are extremely versatile and ingenious in modulating host cellular pathways through covalent modifications.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com