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Cells taken from lower status females in the study were also more likely to show an inflammatory response when they were exposed to a bacterial compound than those from high status monkeys.
These data suggest that the immune response to a bacterial compound does not alter the response to a subsequent viral infection.
(Beutler was looking for the receptor that binds a bacterial compound called lipopolysaccharide, which can cause septic shock, a dangerous overreaction of the immune system that can be fatal).
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For example, the expression of CstF-64, a subunit of cleavage stimulatory factor (CstF), increases in macrophages in response to lipopolysaccharides (a group of bacterial compounds that trigger an immune response).
In addition, some bacterial compounds are recognized by formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) in vomeronasal olfactory epithelium [30].
Both the bacterial compounds are ligands for TLR molecules, LP for TLR2-TLR6 and LPS for TLR4 and their effect is mediated by NF-kB and MAP kinases pathways [42].
Other bacterial compounds known to have antibacterial activity have not been tested against MRSA.
In concert with conserved virulence factors, these variable bacterial compounds could determine differential pathogenesis [ 11].
By means of chemo and mechanoreceptors they can sense and distinguish between bacterial compounds in their surroundings [ 1, 2].
This supports the likelihood that these bacterial compounds contribute to the systemic IL-1β response recorded in the present experimental model.
Reconstitution of inflammasomes by overexpression of NLRC4, NAIPs and bacterial compounds in HEK cells followed by biochemical analysis led to a conclusive NLRC4 inflammasome model (Fig 2).
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