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In addition, the researchers showed that the CRISPR system could be used to selectively remove specific bacteria from diverse bacterial communities based on their genetic signatures, thus opening up the potential for "microbiome editing" beyond antimicrobial applications.
Fig. 3 Non-metric multi-dimensional scaling plot of six plantation soil bacterial communities based on distribution of OTUs.
Determining the similarities of bacterial communities based on V6-tags using phylogenetic methods [50] was not feasible since many tags had no significant match to any sequence in the complete Greengenes [51] (45%; release November 2008) or Silva [52] databases (31%; release 100).
T-RFLP is a molecular biology technique developed for profiling bacterial communities based on the position of a restriction site closest to a labeled end of an amplified gene [ 29].
In this study, we developed an analysis pipeline for bacterial communities based on barcoded 454 pyrosequencing of 16S gene tags using modified PCR primers that improved the quantitative accuracy of inferred species composition in human gut microbiota.
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RDA results to identify factors significantly explaining the variation in bacterial and eukaryotic communities based on ARISA; results shown for RDA based on hellinger-transformed relative abundances and presence/absence (binary) data.
Bacterial communities clustered based on airway site (Fig. 2; bootstrap support 100%), as was the case with the UniFrac analysis (Fig. 1).
Other approaches have been used to identify these bacterial communities, mainly based on analysis of the sputa by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) using the 16S rRNA target gene [4] or using specific hybridization probes methods [5].
This analysis summarized variation in sampled communities, based on phylogenetic differences in bacterial members, and generated plots that separated individual communities.
Figure 3: The NMDS plots for bacterial community structure based on Unifrac distance.
This low detection of bacterial peptides translates to interpretations of bacterial community metabolism based primarily on highly abundant proteins.
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