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Based on these results and on previous studies in the literature, we proposed a model of flagella-mediated adhesion onto hydrophobic surfaces where these appendages induce the first contact and promote the adhesion of the bacterial body.
As a result, the bacterial body elongates along the long axis before fission, and the elongation generates an outward force against the surrounding.
The position of the bacterial body
After 2 h, we observed the cell wall sinking into the bacterial body.
We have recently reported that p53 downregulation due to increased MDM2-phosphorylation induces autophagy, which causes CagA oncoprotein degradation translocated from the bacterial body of H. pylori to gastric epithelial cells and then inhibits mTOR [ 16].
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The H. pylori nature of such bacterial bodies was confirmed by their immunogold reactivity for urease, VacA, and H. pylori OMPs (Figure 2c).
The bacterial suspensions were either placed on Formvar/Carbon 400 mesh grids (42 µm, Ted Pella) for uranyl acetate staining (0.5%), followed by transmission electron microscope (JEM 1010) examination, or blended to remove the flagellin from bacterial bodies.
Sparse intraepithelial, intercellular or intracellular, bacterial bodies or their H. pylori-immunoreactive remnants were detected by TEM in most biopses examined, including specimens from 7 of 11 cases lacking bacteria on the luminal side and diagnosed as H. pylori-negative at light microscopy investigation of paraffin sections.
Only Schroeder's type A dental calculus mineralization centers (with mineralized bacterial bodies outlines) were considered.
Within Salmonella-infected cells, when ruffles were formed, villin concentrated mainly around the bacterial bodies in association with actin.
The shapes of intact bacterial bodies (cocci, filaments and rods) remained within extracellular calcified trabeculae, indicating that the mineralization process was preferably extracellular.
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