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The intracellular location of bacteria was assessed using Z-stack CLSM analysis.
The survival of the bacteria was assessed using PCR-based detection of P. acidilactici MTCC5101 in fecal samples.
The association between periodontitis (BOP positive or PPD ≥ 4 mm) and detection of bacteria was assessed using multiple logistic regression analyses adjusting for age, gender, oral hygiene and smoking status.
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Correlations between environmental variables (iron, manganese, ammonia, DO, temperature and layer height) and functional microorganisms (16 characteristic bacteria) were assessed, using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA).
The streptococcus thermophiles activity of the bacteria were assessed using the Tween 80 hydrolysis test that was performed as previously reported [ 24].
Drug antagonism of bacteria growth was assessed using the equation: A b c o n t r o l − A b d r u g A b c o n t r o l × 100 where Abcontrol and Abdrug are the maximum spectroscopic absorbance at 600λ measured within 16 hr of bacterial growth in untreated and drug treated conditions, respectively.
Cultures were suspended in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and the concentration of bacteria in suspension was assessed using McFarland standards and plate counting the following day.
Protoplasts and bacteria luciferase activity was assessed using Promega's Luciferase assay system (Promega, Sydney NSW, Australia) following the manufacturer's instructions.
Association between DDD/1000 bed days for each FQ and the susceptibility of Gram negative bacteria to ciprofloxacin was assessed using Pearson's Correlation Coefficient.
Association between DDD/1000 bed days for each fluoroquinolone and the susceptibility of Gram negative bacteria to ciprofloxacin was assessed using Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, r.
The bactericidal activity of the biocides against bacteria in the planktonic form was assessed using a broth microdilution technique.
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