It appears that the bacterium may have evolved strategies to survive and adapt via gene transfer in the intestinal environment.
Conversely, organisms that recently colonized a hot environment such as the bacteria Thermotoga maritima, may have evolved under a more "sequence-based" mechanism of thermostability.
In a Gaian twist, initial genetic examination revealed the bacteria, named Ideonella sakaiensis 201-F6, may have evolved enzymes specifically capable of breaking down PET in response to the accumulation of the plastic in the environment in the past 70 years.
The escaped DNA could have come from plasmids pieces of DNA that can move between cells while others may have evolved from bacteria.
Finally, during the streamlining process that gave rise to Archaea and Bacteria, another mechanism characteristic of these organisms may have evolved: the rRNA-mRNA interactions required for translation of polycistronic mRNAs.
Genes encoding fosfomycin resistance protein FofB and beta-lactamase detected in this group also may have evolved fast to benefit bacteria trying to survive in their host.
Experiments with autonomous conjugative elements with deleterious effects [ 64- 66] showed that such parasitic elements could spread de novo in bacteria, making it plausible that ancestral unicellular eukaryotes may have evolved sex by analogous means.
Thus, Xf strain 9a5c (as well as other South American strains) may have evolved from an ancestral bacterium, carrying a Temecula-1-like genome, through incorporation of a series of horizontally transferred elements, such as prophages, GIs and plasmids [ 26].
Thus, autotrophic bacteria like R. centenum that cannot acquire C4 dicarboxylic acids heterotrophically may have evolved an anaplerotic assimilation to ensure a continuous replenishment of C4-dicarboxylic acids needed for amino acid biosynthesis.
Nevertheless, an intriguing possibility is that S. rosetta may have evolved to form multicellular colonies in the presence of bacteria in order to make themselves more efficient predators of those bacteria.
