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But a number of survivalist species of bacteria are able to form inactive seedlike spores.
Many environmental bacteria are able to produce stable dormant, or resting, forms as a branch of their life cycle to enhance their survival under adverse conditions.
By remaining relatively harmless until population sizes are sufficient, the bacteria are able to overwhelm host defenses with the activation of genes regulating biofilm formation and virulence.
Some Clostridium species (fermenting bacteria) are able to degrade resorcinol (Kavitha and Beebi 2003).
Gram-negative bacteria are able to produce outer membrane vesicles (OMVs).
Bacteria are able to prioritize preferred carbon sources from complex mixtures.
Bacteria are able to exchange genes between different strains and species.
Recently, it was found that PHA producing bacteria are able to grow simultaneously limited by carbon and nitrogen substrates.
In addition, bacteria are able to modify their surface hydrophobicity in order to react to changing environmental conditions (Wick et al. 2002; de Carvalho et al. 2009).
Although it is not a common compound in the biosphere, some bacteria are able to metabolize benzene as sole carbon source.
As bacteria are able to adjust their metabolism to a less favourable environment, these gel compounds are more than sufficient to allow bacterial survival and multiplication [58, 59].
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