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Experimental correlations of heat transfer and pressure-drop coefficients for two scale-roughened pin-fin channels with forward and backward flows are derived to assist design applications.
Experimental correlations of heat transfer and friction coefficient for the tested channel with forward and backward flows are derived for design applications.
Reverse logistics which is mainly the backward flows of used products from consumers to producers is an important stage while constructing a recovery system.
Relative to the smooth-walled pipe flow conditions, HTE ratios for the present test channel with forward and backward flows, respectively, reach 9.5 13.6 and 9 12.3 for laminar flows and 6.8 6.3 and 5.7 4.3 for turbulent flows.
Detailed Nu distributions over the rib floor with forward and backward flows are measured using the steady-state infrared thermo-graphic method at Reynolds numbers (Re) of 900 30,000.
Two sets of ¯¯¯¯¯Nu and f correlations for the square spiral ribbed duct with forward and backward flows are generated to assist the design applications using this HTE measure.
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The backward flow rate is negligible.
This backward flow of stomach juices is called "reflux".
Above this threshold the flux increases strongly with increasing backward flow.
The reactive zone hosted by the prefractionator was modelled and simulated as backward flow CSTR series.
This condition holds even when the backward flow of positive particles exists in the annular region.
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