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e) Backward cumulation.
The use of the backward cumulation obtain waveform feature information in addition to the slope of the R-peaks.
In the second stage, a five-point first-order differentiation, absolute and the backward cumulation operation were used to emphasize the QRS complex.
In order to further highlight the QRS region, the backward cumulation of Abs(d[n]) is calculated within a window width (Ww) containing 60 sampling points as shown in Eq. (3).
For the last 60 sampling points of a ECG signal series, as all of the QRS complex are covered in every window, so we need not to enhance the signal with the backward cumulation algorithm.
The processing stage is based on a bandpass filter, five-point first-order derivative, absolute value, and the backward cumulation that provides the enhancement processing to the QRS complex of ECG signal.
Similar(53)
Backward, march!
Backward induction.
Or backward.
It's just backward".
Education went backward.
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