Steven, for background, was created by Summize co-founder Abdur Chowdhury, who sold his company Summize to Twitter in 2008, where he became Twitter's Chief Scientist.
The synthetic background was created by referencing the annotation (GenBank summary file) of the human genome build and removing the HLA-B locus' nucleotide sequence from the complete sequence of chromosome 6.
Briefly, background sequences were created by shuffling the DNA sequences within each promoter by either mixing completely or keeping dinucleotides together.
Cause-specific background mortality rates were created by combining publically available national mortality statistics with population-based information about the underlying cause of death reported to the Swedish Cause of Death Register 1973-2007.
Background sequences for other species were created by randomly choosing nucleotides, altering the weighting to reflect GC-content as required.
The neon forms penetrating pitch black backgrounds in Kim Pimmel's Light Studies were created by photographing handheld and computer-generated lights in long exposure.
Table 3 Photographed images 41,000 ms 41,250 41,500 ms 41,750 ms 42,000 ms 43,250 43,500 ms 43,750 ms. Using the photographed images, silhouettes were created by removing the background from the silhouette extractor.
In an effort to lower the p Ka and further decrease background fluorescence, ZnAF-1F and ZnAF-2F were created by substitution of fluorine at the ortho-position of the phenolic hydroxyl group.
Different levels of difficulty were created by varying the orientation jitter of the background distracter gratings.
