Sentence examples for background of the tree from inspiring English sources

The ecological mechanism involved predation birds readily detected the light-coloured moths against the background of the tree trunks that industrial pollution had darkened, whereas the dark-coloured moths remained generally undetected.

It should be kept in mind that alternate bearing is a result of complicated biotic and abiotic processes including environmental factors, physiological responses of the trees in the form of activation and repression of endogenous metabolic pathways [ 18, 19, 39- 41], which in turn are also based on the genetic background of the tree.

Using this model, ω is estimated on a foreground branch against the background branches of the tree to determine rate variation.

Although the hominid graphic includes a geological timeline pictured in the background to the right of the tree, it uses very small text and is indistinct.

This was confirmed by a series of two-ratio branch models, in which each foreground branch of interest was in turn allowed to have a different ratio from the rest of the tree (background).

We used branchXsites models implemented in codeml [24], [25], [26] to test the a priori hypothesis that the pattern of variation in constraint among sites was different on the branch leading to C. nitida (specified as the foreground branch) than the pattern of among-site variation across the rest of the tree (background branches).

This approach allows the d N /dS values at each codon to vary between an a priori defined specific branch (foreground) where adaptive evolution is allowed (d N /d S >1) and the rest of the tree (background) where adaptive selection is not allowed d N /d S  = 1.

Next, we looked at differences among GO categories in clade-specific evolutionary rates, by contrasting ω estimates for particular clades of the phylogeny with background estimates for the remainder of the tree (see Materials and Methods; supplementary fig. S2- B, Supplementary Material online).

The sequence of the olive chloroplast genome represents one of the first contributions to deciphering the genetic background of this important tree crop species and was used to verify that rearrangements observed in the plastomes of other genera of Oleaceae, such as Jasminum and Menodora, were not represented in O. europaea.

Lastly, we put forward functional hypotheses with a view to setting these results against a background of forest tree ontogenesis in general.

Branch models with p ≤ 0.004 (0.05/13) after Bonferroni correction for multiple tests were interpreted as having a significantly different ω on the "foreground" branches of interest in comparison to the "background" ω on all remaining branches of the tree.