The background of the corresponding buffers in the absence of protein and D-ribose was subtracted for all the samples.
For each analysed image, similar best-fit lower threshold values were determined to reduce the signal background of the corresponding red and green channels, then particle sizes for the red and green channels were set at a minimum of 1 pixel and maximum of 1000 pixels, then co-localization between channels was determined and represented by a yellow image.
Backgrounds of the corresponding C×43 images were individually thresholded and the integrated intensity of the pixels in the images was recorded.
The concentrations of the radionuclides were, in general, much smaller than the natural background levels of the corresponding stable isotopes of Na, Sr, Rb, and Cs, in the groundwater of the shear zone.
For Reddy, SOBS, and the proposed approach, the segmented foreground frames are obtained by background subtraction of the corresponding bootstrapping video sequences shown in Figures 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17, whereas, for MoG, the segmented foreground frames are obtained by the pixel-wise MoG method in [4].
The incidence of laryngeal or pharyngeal cancer among the gastrectomy patients was compared with the incidence in the Swedish background population of the corresponding age, sex, and calendar year.
The value of each matrix element was calculated according to the following formula: where n is the raw count from the corresponding position in the PFM, N is the the number of observations (sum of each position/column in the PFM), and are pseudocounts and p(b) is the background frequency of the corresponding nucleotide.
When a "V" spot signal was too weak (vector signal < 3× vector local background), the data of the corresponding cDNA clone was discarded (missing data).
We uploaded the list of top 500 genes of the ICGC CLL dataset [ 22] and the top 500 genes of the Fabris CLL dataset [ 21] and used as the background set the corresponding set of genes analyzed in the dataset.
The section 'SCTP background' contains the corresponding description of SCTP and its CMT extension used in this study.
The idv of the immunoblot bands were first corrected by subtracting the idv background of the same area in the corresponding lane.
