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In a sense, rare species marked a site's departure from some background level of abundance in a small group of 4 5 cosmopolitan species.
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Vertical dashed lines depict a fold enrichment of 1, representing the background level of taxon abundance in the data set.
To correct for non-specific DNA-binding, we determined, for each protein, a background level of non-specific binding corresponding to the observed abundance from a time-point at which the factor is known to be absent from origins.
Second, microarray analyses generally operate above a low background level of non-specific and off-target probe-array binding that can complicate the analysis of low-abundance molecular species (particular in cases where a related highly abundant product is present).
The natural abundance of Cd in soils has been reported as 0.5 μg/g which is higher than the background level of 0.2 μg/g found in soils studied in Pennsylvania.
This pattern of increased abundance in Cys2His2-containing proteins is also observed with the phenotype-associated transcription factors (pTFs), with an average of 30% containing this DBD contrasting with a background level of 16%.
The ZmCEL2, ZmCEL6, ZmCEL19 and ZmCEL34 genes are transcribed chiefly in ovary and root, but, with the exception of ZmCEL2, display only background levels of signature tag abundance.
Uncertainties for gas abundance (cm3 STP) were calculated to be ~10%% considering the stability of sensitivities and variation of background levels of the mass spectrometer ND values not determined due to low gas abundances.
A non-smoker group provided background levels of BoE.
For example, background levels of hybridization (i.e. hybridization to a probe that occurs irrespective of the corresponding transcript's expression level) limit the accuracy of microarray expression measurements, particularly for transcripts present at low abundance.
Only background levels of staining were observed (data not shown).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com