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All other sequence scans were performed using uniform background frequencies (i.e., 0.25 per nucleotide).
For a given locus and PPM motif of width m, a correspondence score was calculated using position weight matrices (PWMs), which were calculated from PPM nucleotide probabilities (p) and nucleotide background frequencies (f), as described in the following equation [55].
This improves calculation of the background frequencies but does not affect the results otherwise (not shown).
The co-occurrence frequency is significantly higher than expected given the individual background frequencies of MYCN binding and hypermethylation in all NB cell lines examined.
The new set of normalized background frequencies (with the most abundant PTMs included) may then be fed into RAId_aPS to compute the corresponding APP score histogram.
Consensus sequences with mismatches are however unspecific descriptors of binding sites as reflected by background frequencies of 60% in this example.
The PSSMs were modified to reflect the background frequencies of amino acids in the S. cerevisiae proteome (computed from our collection of protein sequences).
Background frequencies were calculated based on the promoters of human housekeeping genes (No set) [ 12].
Neither showed responses above background (frequencies by tetramer or ICS staining <0.2%).
In case of uniform background frequencies, this measure equals Shannon's entropy.
Background frequencies of non-reference reads in Tam-Seq were ∼0.1%, because using Q30 reads.
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