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The background correction of the obtained spectra was performed using the Spectrum program from Perkin-Elmer.
σ↑ and σ↓ are the standard deviations of the residual signal obtained after performing the background correction of the Mn↑ and Mn↓ spectra before the Mn L-edge onset, respectively.
The background correction of the probe intensity was carried out using the normexp method [ 84].
The preprocessing included background correction of the expression data, followed by variance stabilization transformation (VST), log2-transformation and quantile-normalization.
Statistical analysis of data has been performed using the robust multiarray analysis for background correction of the raw data values.
Slides were scanned on the Agilent G2505B DNA microarray scanner, and background correction of the Cy3 raw signals was performed using the Agilent Feature Extraction software (version 9.5.3.1).
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Images were extracted and initial analysis was performed by Feature extraction v9.5.3 (Agilent) performing background correction of feature intensities (within the software).
The statistical framework R [ 19] and the Bioconductor package limma [ 20] were used for background correction of miRNA expression data with the normexp algorithm as well as lowess normalization [ 21].
Since BeadStudio's background normalization can lead to negative values, the data had to be transformed to contain only positive values by using either the background correction of rma [ 4] or forcePos [ 17] to be able to apply log2-transformation.
Background correction of solid substrates is carried out with the aid of Asymmetric Least Squares.
Probe-set summarization and background correction of expression values was performed by using the RMA algorithm (ArrayAssist ExonRMA), and chip-to-chip variation was corrected by using quantile normalization.
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