In short, as with nonsense poetry, narrated dreams, and surreal fictions, we have to interpret and backfill as well as absorb when we listen or read.
All the finite element models were unable to capture the non-linear behaviour of the deteriorated culvert with poor backfill as well as both culverts at high surface loading due to the use of linear elastic models.
Global Positioning System (GPS) is used in heavy equipment to replace backfill, as well as guiding topsoil salvage and replacement operations.
Recently, RCA was recommended for use in pavement construction (sub-base, anti-freeze layer, and sub-grade) and regular construction (as concrete, precast, and backfill) as well as for raising the ground level and for covering with soil.
The test results are compared with previous studies on zeolite-amended sandy soil/Na-bentonite backfills as well as compacted zeolite bentonite liners to assess the effects of zeolite content and zeolite grain-size on the compressibility and hydraulic conductivity.
A proposed empirical method is assessed to predict the hydraulic conductivity of Pb-contaminated clayey soil/Ca-bentonite backfills as well as clean ones subjected to vertical compressive stress lower than 1600 kPa.
A frequency-dependant amplification function is derived for the waves traveling along the backfill using well-established one-dimensional ground response analysis theory.
More than a decade, complete backfill has been well developed in China (Qian et al. 2003; Xu et al. 2004).
This includes the hydrogeology, mineralogy and geochemistry of both the host rock and backfill material as well as the mechanical behavior of these two media.
In the early implementation of SMCRA, most reclaimed landscapes in Wyoming's surface coal regions were homogenous with less steep slopes as a result of coal removal and backfill sloping, as well as even redistribution of salvaged topsoil.
