Results were similar in sensitivity analyses which included only children starting ART since 2005 (n = 572), were restricted to children born in the UK/Ireland without maternal NNRTI-based ART exposure, and adjusted for NRTI backbones (data not shown).
Although this region is quite different in both models (Figure S3), in both cases p.R132C mutant disrupts favorable interactions between arginine and other residues (R254, A126 and L127 for 2GEG model and P432 backbone for Biskit, data not shown).
While the P56S MSP in aqueous solution had no detectable backbone motions on the µs-ms time scale (data not shown), many P56S MSP residues had backbone motions on the µs-ms time scale in the membrane environment.
However, given the weak nature of van der Waals interactions, such effects are likely to be relatively modest, and the V408M substitution has no apparent effect either on the predicted hydrogen bond between the nearby residue Tyr and the DNA backbone or on surface charge distribution (data not shown).
We also constructed a phylogenetic tree with concatenated protein coding gene sequences which exhibited the same topology as the one from the backbone sequence but with shorter branch lengths (data not shown).
Interestingly, our LAM-PCR screening for potentially broken linear and circular vector forms, which used vector internal primers binding to the GFP transgene or vector backbone, did not show any sign of integration (data not shown).
When INH-ODNs were made with natural PO backbone and tested at concentrations of up to 10 μM, neither class B nor class R INH-ODNs could inhibit R-837-induced activation of RAW cells or IgM secretion from primary B cells (data not shown), suggesting a PS backbone-dependent inhibitory effect on TLR7 activation, not affected by base sequence.
As the five loci displaying no conflicting trees were uniformly distributed on the three sequenced genomes (data not shown), they were used as the backbone for the MLST scheme.
When testing the method, we were able to purify Escherichia coli ribosomes using the same conditions (data not shown); if QA interacting with the phosphate backbone of nucleic acids is indeed the basis of separation, we see no reason why this technique could not be applicable to a broad spectrum of organisms.
In addition, T-DNA tandem repeats were identified in lines 156 and 49, and vector backbone sequences were integrated in lines 17, 156, 49 and 179 (data not shown).
