The phrase "axle force" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used in contexts related to mechanics, engineering, or physics, particularly when discussing forces acting on or through an axle.
Example: "The axle force generated by the vehicle's weight must be calculated to ensure the integrity of the suspension system."
Alternatives: "axial force" or "wheel force".
The dynamic axle force transmission is also analyzed.
Moving Force Identification (MFI) is the process of back-calculating the applied axle force histories from bridge measurements.
The derailment evaluation by wheelset derailment coefficient H/Q is similar to the wheel axle force limit which is applied to evaluate the wheel rail interactions rather than the flange climbing.
Further, gross axle force time history has been reconstructed from the estimated vehicle parameters by considering same bridge surface condition and vehicle speed as assumed by Law et al. [41].
This paper investigates the use of an MFI algorithm to detect the presence of bridge damage by monitoring calculated vehicle applied axle forces.
However, some studies consider the derailment by wheel lifting and consequently include in the calculation of the limit derailment coefficient lateral acceleration and axle forces [26].
Special attention is paid to the relative phasing between adjacent axle-force inputs to the rail, so that vibration transmission may be calculated as a random process.
The train load is modeled as multi-axle moving force having equal axle spacing, as shown in Fig. 2.
For the vehicle with primary suspension, the wheelset or wheel axle lateral force, i.e., the so-called H force, is given in Ref. [20] as follows: H = - m_{text{w}} a_{y} - F_{text{s1}} - F_{text{s2}}, (1 where (m_{text{w}}) is the wheelset mass; a y is the lateral acceleration of the axle box; (F_{text{s1}}) and (F_{text{s2}}) are the lateral forces of the left and right primary suspensions.
Besides, the wheel unloading ratio is only applicable to the situation that the wheel axle lateral force is zero or very small and should be used together with the derailment coefficient.
Shortages of the parts that American Axle makes forced G.M. to close many of its factories that build full-size pickup trucks and large sport utility vehicles for much of March and April, costing it 100,000 units of production so far.
