Although the range of the optic axis is 180°, the maximum error was 90° because the phase associated with the optic axis wraps around 180° (e.g. an optic axis of 0° is equal to an optic axis of 180°); retardance does not wrap in this way.
In the NiAl matrix, on the other hand, a〈1 0〉-typepe dislocations exist in two orthogonal orientations: along the [1 0] MoMo fiber axis, and wrapped around the fiber axis.
One set of fibers runs along the long axis while another wraps around perpendicularly.
Specifically, the pattern is a helical phase that wraps around the axis of propagation times within a wavelength, which results in a phase singularity at the beam center.
We study a recently proposed model, where a codimension one brane is wrapped around the axis of symmetry of an internal two-dimensional space compactified by a flux.
This leads to a wrapping of the optic axis orientation every 90° in real space, and consequently gives a fourfold wrapping for a full 360° rotation as is shown for the fovea and optic nerve head [ 6].
The periodic pattern in relative optical axis is due to the phase wrapping in retardance.
Actin bundles wrapping around the short axis of the bleb are likely responsible for maintaining the sausage/allantoid shape.
Samsung's phone wraps slightly around the vertical axis, like a shoehorn.
Using Abaqus CAE (ABAQUS, 2014), the complex geometrical pattern was first created on a flat sheet and then wrapped, along its central longitudinal axis, into the final cylindrical shape.
Beams with wrapping oriented 45° relative to the beam longitudinal axis failed due to fiber rupture of the strengthening system resulting in a higher peak load compared with a beam with wrapping oriented perpendicular to the beam axis, which failed due to bond slip of flexural FRP.
