"Marriage laws have been, and continue to be, about the pragmatic business of serving society's child-centered purposes, like connecting children to their mother and father, and avoiding the negative outcomes often experienced by children raised outside a stable family unit led by their biological parents," he writes.
We suggest that other cities willing to adopt some of Paris's positive outcomes, and avoid the negative ones, take them into account.
To avoid these negative outcomes the regional administration of La Rioja Spainn) has implemented scrub clearance programs.
As the paper has shown, avoiding some of the negative outcomes predicted by the dual economy model can occur through implementing targeted modern sector policies, as suggested by some (Lin 2011; McMillan and Rodrik 2011; Ocampo et al. 2009; Rodrik 2007, 2010).
The inverse of the RD is the number needed to treat (NNT), the number of persons that must be vaccinated in order to avoid one case of the negative outcome, and the number needed to harm (NNH), the number that must be vaccinated to produce one case of harm.
Harm reduction strategies are designed to reduce the negative outcomes of drug use.
"anxiety increases the attention to negative choice options, the likelihood that ambiguous options will be interpreted negatively and the tendency to avoid potential negative outcomes even at the cost of missing potential gains".
This is vital because Hartley & Phelps ([ 39]; p.8) conclude from their review on the relationship between anxiety and decision-making that: "anxiety increases the attention to negative choice options, the likelihood that ambiguous options will be interpreted negatively and the tendency to avoid potential negative outcomes even at the cost of missing potential gains".
This can be particularly difficult when you're deeply involved in a project but, if you can take a step back, you might see how to improve your way of working and avoid any negative outcomes down the road.
In order to avoid such negative outcomes from development interventions, the paper finally develops the mechanism for integration of EA into slum improvement project.
