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Exact(13)
Incentive to win the group was driven by a desire to avoid the host team as opening opponent in the knockout portion.
The experiments suggest the hypothesis that Ehrlichia are transported through the filopodia, a potential mechanism to avoid the host immune system while the pathogen passed from cell to cell.
Viruses have evolved different strategies to avoid the host immune response to infection.
Thus, the autophagy may contribute to reducing the antigenicity of influenza virus infection, and thereby the virus can avoid the host defense [ 23].
It was hypothesised that this variability was due to antigenic polymorphism that ultimately would avoid the host immune response and therefore neutralisation of a salivary protein important in blood feeding [ 12].
The differences in functional adhesion protein genes among the strains suggest that various P. acnes strains may use antigenic variations, a mechanism used by many pathogenic bacteria to avoid the host immune system [ 37], as a host immune invasion mechanism.
Similar(47)
Whoever top the group are likely to avoid the hosts Brazil in the second round and instead face Croatia or Mexico, with a theoretically easier quarter-final to follow.
Only for the Neodermata (parasitic rhabditophoran flatworms, including tapeworms and flukes), the lack of stem cells within the epidermis can be seen as a prerequisite for avoiding the host defense mechanisms by shedding the ciliated epidermis.
Once in the organism, Yersinia presents tropism for lymphoid tissue, where the bacterium proliferates rapidly in the extracellular space, avoiding the host immune system and causing an intensive lymphadenitis within 2 to 6 days [1], [2].
Moreover, miRNAs are not antigenic and the down-regulation of specific genes allows the virus to establish a favourable environment for its own replication while attenuating or avoiding the host immune response [3].
Thus, pathogens must have specific mechanisms for mediating colonization, avoiding the host's immune system, and acquiring necessary nutrients.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com