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Serotonin, meanwhile, appeared to have a more general effect on aversion to harm, not just a heightened concern for another person.
This research suggests that aversion to harm in personal moral dilemmas is at least partly mediated by emotional arousal.
We have earlier argued that it's absurd to assume that evolution has selected exactly the optimal level of aversion to harm – even for the short and brutish life in the savanna, let alone for our modern environment.
But why do we not imagine them on terms that human beings still live by? Were these early humans (or most animals and birds, for that matter), just objects gravitating towards food and sex, lacking any subjective capacity for affection, kindness, happiness, aversion to harm and perhaps, love?
Perhaps some diversity in aversion to harm is a good thing.
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► Blockade of noradrenergic arousal appears to increase aversion to harming others.
It thus increases the aversion to harming only in a subset of individuals.
We synthesize previous findings and consider the potential mechanisms through which serotonin could increase the aversion to harming others.
An aversion to harming others is a core component of human morality and is disturbed in antisocial behavior [ 1 4].
The third ground offered for the claim that serotonin is a 'moral de-enhancer' is that increasing the aversion to harming others will have bad effects.
Some people have more serotonin than others, and this contributes to affective and behavioural differences over a life time, including, presumably, differences in aversion to harming others.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com