By adding the risk-averse factor into objective functions and using a concept of risk tolerance as a risk measurement, this paper investigates the effect of risk attitude for the remanufacturer and the retailer on remanufacturing quantity, expected profit and coordination activities.
Richie McCaw, the All Black captain, has been strongly linked with a move to the south of France following next year's World Cup; the club's owner, Mourad Boudjellal, would not even have entered into preliminary discussions with Bath had he been totally averse to the convenience factor of Armitage departing now.
Illustration of risk-prone and risk-averse searches in terms of a risk factor (left) and expected sensation (right).
The recent decline in fatal incidents in the last 20 years may reflect factors such as more risk averse societies, improved monitoring and early warning and more attention being paid to health and safety.
They introduce a factor that says "Be very risk averse" and "Whoa there!
Brandeis and Holmes emphasized the value of liberty, and identified the most dangerous factor to freedom as an apathetic society averse to voicing their opinions in public.
The fact of risk-prone and risk-averse behaviour was further confirmed by the overlap of the risk factor of human and GMM-generated trajectories with that of the greedy risk factor.
Since the metric lies exclusively in the range [0,1], we set that every trajectory which has a risk factor lower than than 0.5 will be considered risk-averse whilst does above are risk-prone.
Yet in parallel with the recognised necessity to be brave, there are a number of commercial factors in play that make brand owners inherently risk averse.
The V.C. scene in the U.S. is much less risk averse, although difficult to quantify in similar statistical terms since the NVCA doesn't factor management buyouts and buyins into its numbers (see charts).
We use a second metric based on the information gain, which we call the risk factor, to classify trajectories as being either risk-prone or risk-averse.
