Nasrin et al. [19] performed a numerical study to investigate the influence of Prandtl number on the flow, temperature fields, convective and radiated heat transfer rates, mean bulk temperature of the fluids and average velocity field in a solar with water- Al2O3 nanofluid collector as seen in Figure 12.
The relation between the hydrodynamic flow field and the bubble generation is studied by means of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements to study the phenomenon by the use of phase averaged velocity fields.
The differences are compared in many aspects, such as time averaged velocity field, space averaged velocity, instantaneous velocity field, scales of eddies, speed distribution and velocity direction distribution.
This upscaling process shows that the macroscopic pressure gradient is also a power-law of the volume averaged velocity field.
Fig. 5 (upper) Schlieren image of the SD, with the black arrows indicating the vertical He jets injection points; (lower) time averaged velocity field obtained by Schlieren Image Velocimetry in m/s [74] © 2009 IEEE.
The time averaged-velocity field was used to quantify the variation of the liquid circulation rate with gas flow rate.
Using particle image velocimetry (PIV), we measure the instantaneous, average, and fluctuating velocity fields at exposed surfaces (top surface and near the wall), for both near-monodisperse and polydisperse granular materials.
Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was implemented in MATLAB to determine the velocity field, average velocity and order parameters were calculated form the velocity vectors.
Focused on the length between prism's leeward wall and identified wake stagnation point, averaged wind velocity field in the wake region was evaluated.
Both averaged and instantaneous velocity fields surrounding jets are observed and the effects of coflow speed, heat release, and buoyancy on the entrainment rate are investigated.
