a Average probability of successful transmission.
In scenario 1, the occurrence probability of hazards is assumed equal everywhere in the whole country, that is, hazards follow a uniform spatial distribution.
Next, the paper examines hazards that result from system failures, how to determine the probability of hazards occurring, the consequences of the hazards, and how to determine risks to personnel and loss prevention.
In scenario 3, we derive the occurrence probability of hazards according to the spatial distribution of sandstorms in China.
In scenario 2, the occurrence probability of hazards is determined by the spatial distribution of rainstorms occurrences in China (Fig. 6), that is, the higher rainstorm probability a location has, the greater possibility the hazard may occur.
Critically, these forecast probabilities were just that -- forecast probabilities -- not model-based, poll-average probabilities of an Obama lead in the polls.
In general, risk has a probabilistic component: the hazard variable can be the probability of a hazard or a hazard of a certain intensity occurring, and the consequence can be the probability of a certain outcome (e.g., devastation) occurring given the combination of the hazard and the exposed asset (Douglas, 2007).
Figure 10 Responses based on separate questions in which respondents used a hazard curve for a point in the urban area of Whakatane drawn with average probability, 10 th, and 90 th percentile lines, and then with average probability and an 80% confidence area (see Figure 4 ).
