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To investigate this peak further we selected the top 100 tDMPs from blood with average methylation of β value <0.2 [unmethylated-tDMP (u-tDMP ], top 100 tDMPs from blood with average methylation valu-tDMP ]ue >0.3 [fractopnally methylated tDMP (f-tDMP)] and the top 100 f-tDMPs from liver, kidney, and lung, also with β value >0.3.
Raw bead array fluorescence data was initially analyzed using Illumina BeadStudio Methylation software, which converts fluorescence values of the methylated (Cy5) and unmethylated (Cy3) alleles into an average methylation value at a specific probe using the formula β = [Max Cy5,0)]/[Max Cy5,0) + Max Cy3,0) + 100] with β∈ 0,1).
We obtained the average methylation value of 5980 islands/island shores, which reduced the number of interrogated locations to 19 437 sites/islands.
For genes containing two or more CpG sites, the average methylation value of these CpG sites was used to represent the methylation level of the corresponding gene.
For each cancer type, for distances ranging from 1 bp to 15,000 bp in both genomic directions, we then computed the average methylation value across all islands for normal and cancer.
The expanded annotation file was used to determine the average methylation value of CpG sites belonging to the same island or island shores (all sites with the same name in the 'HIL_CpG_Island_Name' column of the annotation file were averaged).
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Since C to T polymorphisms are common at CpG sites, such C to T changes would be detected after bisulfite as non-methylated cytosine, thus interfering with the average methylation values of CpG sites.
To investigate whether gene-specific DNA hypermethylation was associated with DNA hypomethylation, we calculated Pearson correlation coefficients and plotted the average methylation values per case for all hyper- and hypomethylated genes in HNs with at least 10 hypermethylated genes.
All average methylation values are non-log transformed beta values.
The graphs display the average methylation values of each dataset.
A highly significant correlation was found between the average methylation values for the MSC and the average methylation values for the chondrocytes in promoter regions (r = 0.78), with the methylation states of the vast majority of promoters remaining unchanged [ 11].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com