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Second, virulence was on average lower and apparently independent of the plant developmental stage at infection for accessions of group 1, whereas it was higher for plants of group 2 when infected at vegetative stage.
First, the effect of virus infection on plant biomass was on average lower and it seemed independent of the developmental stage at infection for accessions of group 2, while it was higher for plants of group 1 when infected at vegetative than reproductive stage.
The faster evolving paralog in each pair had, on average, lower and less ubiquitous expression and higher frequency of non-synonymous polymorphisms than its slower counterpart.
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Lower and upper DSA values for vaccine effectiveness were given by averaging lower and upper bounds of confidence intervals provided in the publications from which influenza vaccine effectiveness was estimated (see Table 3).
Indeed, researchers found that those who are married to older or younger spouses have, on average, lower salaries and lower cognitive abilities, and are not as educated or attractive as couples of similar ages.
By contrast, conscientiousness was negatively associated with both competencies, indicating that more conscientious respondents have, on average, lower numeracy and literacy skills than less conscientious respondents.
On the other hand, children infected with malaria had on average lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure than uninfected children.
The finding of the economic analysis was that fluid loading results in, on average, lower costs and greater benefits than no fluid loading.
In countries using disinfectant, biofilms had on average lower cell concentrations and diversity.
However, treated animals had milder fever as expressed by average lower peak levels and shorter fever periods.
The RBCs from samples with severe anemia had, on average, lower aspect ratio and sphericity parameters (P = 0.002).
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com